Compare Uruguay (2005) - Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)

Compare Uruguay (2005) z Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)

	Uruguay (2005)	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)

Administrative divisions	19 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Flores, Florida, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 23.2% (male 403,041/female 389,427) 15-64 years: 63.6% (male 1,076,960/female 1,095,833) 65 years and over: 13.2% (male 183,877/female 266,782) (2005 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	rice, wheat, corn, barley; livestock; fish	-
Airports	64 (2004 est.)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 14 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 50 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 17 under 914 m: 31 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 176,220 sq km land: 173,620 sq km water: 2,600 sq km	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than the state of Washington	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	Montevideo, founded by the Spanish in 1726 as a military stronghold, soon took advantage of its natural harbor to became an important commercial center. Annexed by Brazil as a separate province in 1821, Uruguay declared its independence four years later and secured its freedom in 1828 after a three-year struggle. The administrations of President BATLLE in the early 20th century established widespread political, social, and economic reforms. A violent Marxist urban guerrilla movement, the Tupamaros, launched in the late 1960s, led Uruguay's president to agree to military control of his administration in 1973. By yearend, the rebels had been crushed, but the military continued to expand its hold throughout the government. Civilian rule was not restored until 1985. Uruguay's political and labor conditions are among the freest on the continent.	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.
Birth rate	14.09 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $3.332 billion expenditures: $3.787 billion, including capital expenditures of $193 million (2004 est.)	-
Capital	Montevideo	-
Climate	warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown	tropical
Coastline	660 km	74.1 km
Constitution	27 November 1966, effective February 1967; suspended 27 June 1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980; two constitutional reforms approved by plebiscite 26 November 1989 and 7 January 1997	-
Country name	conventional long form: Oriental Republic of Uruguay conventional short form: Uruguay local long form: Republica Oriental del Uruguay local short form: Uruguay former: Banda Oriental, Cisplatine Province	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Death rate	9.06 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Debt - external	$12.8 billion (March 2004)	-
Dependency status	-	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Martin J. SILVERSTEIN embassy: Lauro Muller 1776, Montevideo 11200 mailing address: APO AA 34035 telephone: [598] (2) 418-7777 FAX: [598] (2) 418-8611	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Carlos GIANELLI Derois chancery: 1913 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20006 telephone: [1] (202) 331-1313 through 1316 FAX: [1] (202) 331-8142 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, and New York consulate(s): San Juan (Puerto Rico)	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	uncontested dispute with Brazil over certain islands in the Quarai/Cuareim and Invernada streams and the resulting tripoint with Argentina	Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity
Economic aid - recipient	NA	-
Economy - overview	Uruguay's well-to-do economy is characterized by an export-oriented agricultural sector, a well-educated workforce, and high levels of social spending. After averaging growth of 5% annually during 1996-98, in 1999-2002 the economy suffered a major downturn, stemming largely from the spillover effects of the economic problems of its large neighbors, Argentina and Brazil. For instance, in 2001-02 massive withdrawals by Argentina of dollars deposited in Uruguayan banks led to a plunge in the Uruguyan peso and a massive rise in unemployment. Total GDP in these four years dropped by nearly 20%, with 2002 the worst year due to the serious banking crisis. Unemployment rose to nearly 20% in 2002, inflation surged, and the burden of external debt doubled. Cooperation with the IMF limited the damage. The debt swap with private creditors carried out in 2003, which extended the maturity dates on nearly half of Uruguay's $11.3 billion in public debt, substantially alleviated the country's amortization burden in the coming years and restored public confidence. The economy grew about 10% in 2004 as a result of high commodity prices for Uruguayan exports, the weakness of the dollar against the euro, growth in the region, low international interest rates, and greater export competitiveness.	no economic activity
Electricity - consumption	5.878 billion kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - exports	954 million kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - imports	434.2 million kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - production	8.536 billion kWh (2003)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Cerro Catedral 514 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m
Environment - current issues	water pollution from meat packing/tannery industry; inadequate solid/hazardous waste disposal	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation	-
Ethnic groups	white 88%, mestizo 8%, black 4%, Amerindian (practically nonexistent)	-
Exchange rates	Uruguayan pesos per US dollar - 28.704 (2004), 28.209 (2003), 21.257 (2002), 13.319 (2001), 12.1 (2000)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President Tabare VAZQUEZ (since 1 March 2005) and Vice President Rodolfo NIN NOVA (since 1 March 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Tabare VAZQUEZ (since 1 March 2005) and Vice President Rodolfo NIN NOVA (since 1 March 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president with parliamentary approval elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 31 October 2004 (next to be held October 2009) election results: Tabare VAZQUEZ elected president; percent of vote - Tabare VAZQUEZ 50.5%, Jorge LARRANAGA 35.1%, Guillermo STIRLING 10.3%	-
Exports	NA	-
Exports - commodities	meat, rice, leather products, wool, fish, dairy products	-
Exports - partners	US 17.3%, Brazil 16%, Germany 6.3%, Argentina 6.2%, Mexico 4.2% (2004)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	nine equal horizontal stripes of white (top and bottom) alternating with blue; there is a white square in the upper hoist-side corner with a yellow sun bearing a human face known as the Sun of May and 16 rays alternately triangular and wavy	the flag of Australia is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 7.9% industry: 27.4% services: 64.8% (2004 est.)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $14,500 (2004 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	10.2% (2004 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	33 00 S, 56 00 W	12 14 S, 123 05 E
Geography - note	second-smallest South American country (after Suriname); most of the low-lying landscape (three-quarters of the country) is grassland, ideal for cattle and sheep raising	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983
Highways	total: 8,983 km paved: 8,081 km unpaved: 902 km (1999 est.)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 3.7% highest 10%: 25.8% (1997)	-
Imports	NA	-
Imports - commodities	machinery, chemicals, road vehicles, crude petroleum	-
Imports - partners	Argentina 19.5%, Brazil 19%, Paraguay 12.9%, US 9.2%, China 6% (2004)	-
Independence	25 August 1825 (from Brazil)	-
Industrial production growth rate	22% (2004 est.)	-
Industries	food processing, electrical machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, textiles, chemicals, beverages	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 11.95 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.27 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	7.6% (2004 est.)	-
International organization participation	CSN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM (observer), OAS, ONUB, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMOGIP, UNMOT, UNOCI, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO	-
Irrigated land	1,800 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and elected for 10-year terms by the General Assembly)	-
Labor force	1.56 million (2004 est.)	-
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 14%, industry 16%, services 70%	-
Land boundaries	total: 1,564 km border countries: Argentina 579 km, Brazil 985 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 7.43% permanent crops: 0.23% other: 92.34% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2001)
Languages	Spanish, Portunol, or Brazilero (Portuguese-Spanish mix on the Brazilian frontier)	-
Legal system	based on Spanish civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	bicameral General Assembly or Asamblea General consists of Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (30 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and Chamber of Representatives or Camara de Representantes (99 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: Chamber of Senators - last held 31 October 2004 (next to be held October 2009); Chamber of Representatives - last held 31 October 2004 (next to be held October 2009) election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - EP-FA 16, Blanco 11, Colorado Party 3; Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - EP-FA 52, Blanco 36, Colorado Party 10, Independent Party 1	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 76.13 years male: 72.92 years female: 79.45 years (2005 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 97.6% female: 98.4% (2003 est.)	-
Location	Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Argentina and Brazil	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island
Map references	South America	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 11 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 10,918 GRT/10,342 DWT by type: cargo 1, chemical tanker 1, passenger/cargo 6, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 1 foreign-owned: 4 (Argentina 3, Greece 1) registered in other countries: 8 (2005)	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force
Military branches	Army, Navy (includes Naval Air Arm, Marines, Maritime Prefecture in wartime), Air Force	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$257.5 million (2004)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	2% (2004)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 25 August (1825)	-
Nationality	noun: Uruguayan(s) adjective: Uruguayan	-
Natural hazards	seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind which blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards
Natural resources	arable land, hydropower, minor minerals, fisheries	fish
Net migration rate	-0.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
People - note	-	the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem
Pipelines	gas 192 km (2004)	-
Political parties and leaders	Colorado Party [Jorge BATLLE Ibanez]; National Party or Blanco [Luis Alberto LACALLE Herrera]; New Sector/Space Coalition (Nuevo Espacio) [Rafael MICHELINI]; Progressive Encounter/Broad Front Coalition (Encuentro Progresista/Frente Amplio) or EP-FA [Tabare VAZQUEZ]; Independent Party (Partido Independiente) [leader NA]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	Agrupacion UTE (powerful state worker's union), Rural Association of Uruguay (rancher's association), Uruguayan Construction League, Chamber of Uruguayan Industries (manufacturer's association), Chemist and Pharmaceutical Association (professional organization), Architect's Society of Uruguay (professional organization), the Catholic Church, students	-
Population	3,415,920 (July 2005 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	21% of households (2003)	-
Population growth rate	0.47% (2005 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Montevideo	none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations	AM 91, FM 149, shortwave 7 (2001)	-
Railways	total: 2,073 km standard gauge: 2,073 km 1.435-m gauge note: 461 km have been taken out of service and 460 km are in partial use (2004)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 66% (less than half of the adult population attends church regularly), Protestant 2%, Jewish 1%, nonprofessing or other 31%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal and compulsory	-
Telephone system	general assessment: fully digitalized domestic: most modern facilities concentrated in Montevideo; new nationwide microwave radio relay network international: country code - 598; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2002)	-
Telephones - main lines in use	946,500 (2002)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	652,000 (2002)	-
Television broadcast stations	23 (2002)	-
Terrain	mostly rolling plains and low hills; fertile coastal lowland	low with sand and coral
Total fertility rate	1.91 children born/woman (2005 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	13% (2004 est.)	-
Waterways	1,600 km (2002)	-

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